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Wednesday September 24, 2008

Chapter 1 Study Guide

Vocabulary Terms to Know 1. Obersrvation-the process of gathering information about events in acare full orderly 2. hypotheisi suppoed scientific expalnaiton for a observation 3. experiment- a test or trial 4. data- information gathered in observation 5. control group- a group that serves as a standard of comprehension 6. dependent variable- the factor that cells monipulated dependent variable- the variable is changed on determined by manipilated 7.analysis-to look over 8.conclusion- the final answer after experiment 9. organism- a living thing 10.biology- the study of livings things 11. bios-life 12.ology-to study 13.metaboilism-the combonation of chemical reactions that break up materials thats carries out its life process

14. Cell: the smalest unit that can perform all life processes. 15. Metabolism: the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism. 16. Homeostasis: the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment. 17. Mutation: a change in DNA. 18. Gene: a segment of DNA that's located in a chromosone and that codes for a specific heredity trait. 19. Heredity: the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring. 20. DNA: the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics. 21. Evolution: the gradual development of organisms since the beginnings of life. 22. Interdependence: organisms in a biological community live and interact with other organisms. 23. Species: a group of organisms that are closely related and naturaly mate to produce fertile offspring. 24. Natural Selection: the process by which individuals that have favorable varations and are better adapted to their environment to survive. 25. Daphnia: a water flea.

Short Answer:

1. The seven properties of life are cellular strcture and function, reproduction, metabolism, homeostasis, heredity, evolution, and interdependence. 2. The human body stays 98.6 F at a stable level 3. Not all mutations are bad they have resistance to malaria. 4. The tiger and lion don't belong to the same speices and the proof of that is there offspring ligers can't reproduce. 5. Observations are made by gathering information about events or proceses in a careful or ordely way. 6. The proper way for writing a hypothesis is in the "if, then....Format." 7. The control group and variable groups differ by the control group nothing has changed and the variables things change and they are the same by both groups being identical except for one factor or variable. 8. The scientific method steps in order are ask a question, forming a hypothesis, experiment, data/analysis, and conclusion 9. The guidelines for writing the procedure of the experiment are not to use I's, we's, ours, or anything related to that and step by step format in past tense. 10. To make sure that the person undertand every step, and so that they can follow the steps correctly to get the same results you did.

Application of Knowledge: 1a. If sugar is added to the water, then the heart rate of the daphnia will increase. b. If glue is added to the water, then the glue will slow down the heart rate of the daphnia. c. If the water of daphnia is very cool, then the heart beat will slow down.

2a. control group-10 daphnia left in room temperature water. independent variable- water of 30 degrees F dependent variable- the heart rate b. control group-group b independent variable- new gum dependent variable- the length of the flavor of the gum c. control group-jeans iin Wisk independent variabe-Tide dependent variable-grass stain 3. 1. Got Daphnia from instructor and returned to our work place. 2. Used a pipette to transfer the daphnia to the slide. 3. Placed the slide on the microscope. 4. Counted the heart rate for 10 seconds. 5. The numers were recorded. 6. Repeated steps 4-6 for 5 other daphnia.